Wireless Phones

What are wireless phones?
Wireless telephones are hand-held phones with built-in antennas, often called cell, mobile, or PCS phones.

How do they Work?
When you talk into a wireless telephone, it picks up your voice and converts the sound to radiofrequency energy (or radio waves). The radio waves travel through the air until they reach a receiver at a nearby base station. The base station then sends your call through the telephone network [..]

Security – Principles of Authentification

The broadest definition of authentication within computing systems encompasses identity verification, message origin authentication, and message content authentication.
The concept of identity verification specifically applies to principals with information processing and decision making capabilities, including human users, computing systems and processes executing on those systems. From an authentication standpoint, the term “user” applies to all these principals. This guideline focuses on technology and techniques for verifying the identity of human users [..]

Electronic Credentials

Paper credentials are documents that attest to the identity or other attributes of an individual or entity called the subject of the credentials. Some common paper credentials include passports, birth certificates, driver’s licenses, and employee identity cards.

The credentials themselves are authenticated in a variety of ways: traditionally perhaps by a signature or a seal, special papers and inks, high quality engraving, and today by more complex mechanisms, such as [..]

Multicast Traffic – Ethernet

Most industrial producer-consumer (or publisher-subscriber) protocols operating over Ethernet, such as EtherNet/IP and Foundation Fieldbus HSE, are IP multicast-based. The first advantage of IP multicasting is network efficiency; by not repeating the data transmission to the multiple destinations, a significant reduction in network load can occur. The second advantage is that the sending host need not be concerned with knowing every IP address of every destination host listening for the [..]

Is it a good have 2 firewalls running simultaneously ?

We recommend that you run only one antivirus and one firewall at a time. Having more than one antivirus or firewall active in memory uses additional resources and can result in software conflicts, network and software access problems and false virus alerts. Your best defense against computer viruses and malicious programs is to keep your antivirus virus definitions up to date and update your antivirus and firewall to lasts [..]

Distributed Firewalling

Distributed firewalling is an emerging security technology in firewall deployment that moves security from the perimeter to device endpoints. This is accomplished by placing a firewall in or directly in front of every endpoint and other appropriate devices in the network. The theory of distributed firewalling is that this can ease the burden on the perimeter and internal firewalls, which have traditionally been major chokepoints for network access. As distributed [..]

Firewalls Testing

New firewalls should be tested and evaluated before deployment to ensure that they are working properly. Testing should be completed on a test network without connectivity to the production network. This test network should attempt to replicate the production network as faithfully as possible, including the network topology and network traffic that would travel through the firewall. Aspects of the solution to evaluate include the following:

• Connectivity. Users can establish and [..]

Extranet VPN

Almost every company has a select group of suppliers, vendors and other business partners they do business with. Business interactions between these organisations include communication, collaboration and, in many cases, commercial transactions.

In today’s rapidly changing and highly competitive global economy, speed and cost can determine a company’s success or failure. As the traditional business exchange methods often prove to be slow, paper-based, timeintensive, and expensive, companies are looking to improve [..]

Intranet VPN

Many VPNs, of different companies, can be created on the same shared IP backbone infrastructure of a Service Provider. This is one of the reasons why VPNs are far less expensive for companiesthan full private networks based on a WAN infrastructure.

A complete VPN solution therefore incorporates encrypted tunneling, QoS,security, management, and provisioning capabilities, to create a reliable [..]

Firewall – VPN Environments

Firewall environments are made up of firewall devices and associated systems and applications designed to work together. For example, one site may use a firewall environment composed of a boundary router, a main firewall, and intrusion detection systems connected to the protected network and the network between the router and main firewall.

The latest trend in firewall offerings is to add cryptographic services for firewall to firewall encryption. The encrypted traffic[..]